Together with the obesity is an important health problem, it is now emerging in almost all countries. It is considered as a serious chronic disease with both genetic and environmental impacts. It is a condition in which the fat mass in the body is higher than the muscle mass and the height-weight index shows excessive incompatibility.

As obesity has physical effects; it also has serious psychological effects on our lives such as disruption in our daily activities, disruption in our sleep patterns, depression and anxiety disorder. The correct determination of the factors and effects of obesity is extremely important for the treatment of the patient.

Various Factors That Cause Obesity:  

Nutritional habits that begin in childhood and the attitudes and behaviors of the family regarding this situation can directly affect the risk of obesity. So we can list the main causes of obesity as follows:

1. Overfeed and unhealthy diet : The portion and type of food that a person takes, such as fast food and ready-to-eat foods, increase the risk of obesity. When a person consumes more calories than they burn, it turns into fat and they gain weight.
2. Enviroment : Our environment, healthy or unhealthy, of course affects our weight gain. For example: Weight gain is easy if a person does not have access to the gym or a walking area to burn calories. At the same time, the eating habits of the people around us or if there is no place to buy healthy foods such as fruits and vegetables around us, our weight gain is also affected.
3. Genetics : Researchers say that if a person’s family, mother or father has obesity, that person is more prone to the disease. Eating habits seen and acquired in the family together with these genetic factors make the person more susceptible to the disease.
4. Stress and emotional factors : some people eat more when they are sad or under the pressure of something. An irregular sleep pattern also encourages the person to eat more and burn less energy.

Various Treatment Methods to Fight Obesity :

In the fight against obesity, creating personalized diet and exercise programs in order to lose weight in a healthy way are frequently used treatment methods.  In addition, behavioral therapy and various medical and surgical methods are also used in the treatment of obesity. In addition to a healthy diet, medical drug therapy is an effective method used to lose weight, but it has also been observed that the weight lost with drugs is regained when the drug is discontinued.

In addition, it is not possible for obese people to lose their dream weight all of a sudden and after a while, weight loss stops during drug treatment. If we look at the possibility that diet and medical treatment do not have a very well effect or do not give the desired result, the most effective method in the treatment of obesity is bariatric surgery.

What is bariatric surgery 

Although bariatric surgery is the most effective and permanent method in the treatment of obesity, it is applied as a last resort to people fighting obesity. If the person’s body mass index is suitable for bariatric surgery, approval is given by the doctors. There are three main methods of bariatric surgery such as ; reducing the volume of the stomach, resorting to reduction in the small intestine, or preventing the interaction of secretions that play a role in digestion with food and sometimes combined methods in which both methods are applied. bariatric surgery can be performed with 4 different operations today : Gastric bypass is a combined method of reducing the volume of the stomach and removing a part of the small intestine. Sleeve gastrectomy is removal of 80% of the stomach. The adjustable gastric band is a clamp attached to the upper part of the stomach. After bariatric treatment, it is not recommended to eat for the first 24 hours, and mineral and vitamin supplements should be taken under the control of a doctor in the following days. After the bariatric surgery, particular attention should be paid to the first week. As we said before, bariatric surgery is the most effective and last resort method in the treatment of obesity. Bariatric surgery provides sustainable weight loss and more than 50% weight loss and prevents the risk of metabolic diseases.  While absolute results are achieved, there are also some rare side effects that need attention, such as blood clotting, malnutrition, infection or intestinal obstruction. Obesity is the most common disease in the world after smoking and it causes death, and it is seen at a rate of 20% in men and 40% in women in Turkey. Compared to other countries in the world, obesity treatment in Turkey is economically more advantageous.